PURPLE GARMENTS AND FINE LINEN
The parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus (Lk 16:19-31) begins with the words, “There was a rich man who dressed in purple garments and fine linen and dined sumptuously each day.” This vivid description sets the stage for a story that contrasts wealth and poverty, opulence and destitution. The rich man’s attire symbolizes his immense wealth and high social status, while Lazarus, the poor man, lies at his gate, covered in sores and longing for scraps from the rich man’s table.
Historical and Cultural Context
Purple Garments:
In ancient times, purple dye was incredibly expensive and labor-intensive to produce. It was derived from the mucus secretion of predatory sea snails of the Murex family, found in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Thousands of these snails were required to produce even a small amount of dye, making purple garments a luxury only the wealthy and royal could afford. This association with royalty and high status is evident in various cultures, including the Roman, Byzantine, and Japanese empires. In the context of Israel, purple was also the color of the high priest’s garments, signifying both wealth and religious authority.
Fine Linen:
Fine linen, often referred to as byssus, was another symbol of wealth and purity. This material was highly prized in ancient Egypt and was used for the garments of priests and royalty. The Bible mentions fine linen in several contexts, such as when Pharaoh clothed Joseph in fine linen (Gen 41:42) and when the father of the prodigal son dressed him in the finest robe upon his return (Lk 15:22). In Revelation, fine linen is described as representing the righteous acts of the saints (Rev 19:8).
Theological Significance
In the parable, the rich man’s luxurious clothing highlights the stark contrast between his life and that of Lazarus. While the rich man enjoys his wealth without concern for the suffering at his doorstep, Lazarus endures extreme poverty and neglect. This disparity serves as a critique of those who live in opulence without compassion for the less fortunate.
Catholic Teachings on Wealth and Compassion:
The Catholic Church teaches that wealth is not inherently evil, but it comes with the responsibility to use it for the common good. The Catechism of the Catholic Church emphasizes the preferential option for the poor, urging the faithful to prioritize the needs of the poor and vulnerable (CCC 2443-2449). The rich man’s failure to assist Lazarus is a failure to live out this fundamental aspect of Christian discipleship.
Liturgical Use of Purple
In the Catholic Church, the color purple holds significant liturgical meaning. It is primarily used during the seasons of Advent and Lent, symbolizing penance, preparation, and mourning. During these times, the faithful are called to reflect on their lives, repent for their sins, and prepare for the coming of Christ. The use of purple during these seasons underscores the themes of humility and repentance, which are central to the Christian journey.
REFLECTION
When Jesus, the Son of God, became man, He chose to be born in humble circumstances, not in a palace or among the wealthy. His life and teachings consistently emphasized the importance of humility, compassion, and generosity. The parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus serves as a powerful reminder of these values.
As Christians, we are called to emulate Jesus’ example by living lives of humility and service. The rich man’s fate in the parable warns us of the spiritual dangers of wealth when it leads to indifference and neglect of the poor. Instead, we should find joy in sharing our blessings with others and in the hope of eternal reward.
In conclusion, the rich man’s purple garments and fine linen are not just symbols of earthly wealth but also a call to examine our own lives. Are we using our resources to help those in need? Are we living out the Gospel message of love and compassion? Let us strive to be rich in the things that matter to God, storing up treasures in heaven by loving and serving our neighbors.